Meaning of Sentence

Sentence :
            A group of words which makes complete sense is called a sentence.
Example :
           1. The sun rises in the east.
           2. Sita is a clever girl.
           3. Come here. 
           4. Run.
Kinds of Sentence :
                       Sentences are of three kinds. They are,
           1. Simple Sentence.
           2. Complex Sentence.
           3. Compound Sentence.
1.Simple Sentence :
           A sentence which contain only one subject and one predicate (finite verb) is called a simple sentence.
           Example :
                  Cocks crow in the morning.
                     S         V
2. Complex Sentence :
          A sentence made up of only one main clause and one or more subordinate clauses depending on it is called a complex sentence.
           Example:
                       God helps those who help themselves.
                        Main Clause       Subordinate clause    
3. Compound Sentence:
           A sentence made up of two or more co-ordinate clauses is called a compound sentence.
           Example: 
                       They went to the temple and worshiped Good.
                            Co-ordinate Clause          Co-ordinate clause

Dialogues

Teacher and pupil

Teacher: Who was the our first prime minister?

Pupil: Nehruji was our first prime minister.

Teacher: How often was he elected prime minister?

Pupil: He was elected prime minister four times.

Teacher:  Whom was he most fond of?

Pupil: He was most fond of children.

Teacher: Was he our prime minister to the very last?

Pupil: Yes, He was our prime minister to the very lost.

Teacher: When did he die?

Pupil: He died in 1964.

Kamala and Girija

Kamala: For how long have you been learning music?

Girija: I have been learning music for five years now.

Kamala: Are you learning vocal music?

Girija: Yes, I am learning vocal music.

Kamala : Who teaches you music?

Girija: Mr.Anand teaches me music.

Kamala: How many classes have you a week?

Girija: I have five classes a week.

Kamala: Does he tech instrumental music?

Girija: No, he doesn’t not teach instrumental music.

                            FATHER AND SON

Father: Have you answered all the questions?

Son: No, I have not answered all the questions?

Father: Where all the questions tough?

Son: No, all the questions were not tough

Father:  Will you score more then 60%?

Son: Yes, I will score more than 60%.

Father: How many marks are required for a pass?

Son: Only 35 marks are required for a pass.

Father: How has Rajan done?

Son: Rajan has also done well.

                          Ravi and Raju

Ravi: Where is your brother now?

Raju: My brother is in Kodaikanal.

Ravi: Has he gone there with hie friends?

Raju: No, he has not gone with there with his friends.

Ravi: When did he go there?

Raju: He went there last month.

Ravi: Does he write to you often?

Raju: Yes, he writes to me often.

Ravi: What for has he gone there?

Raju: He has gone there for/on business.

                                      RAMANAN AND KUMARAN

RAMANAN : Where do you propose to go for the vacation?

KUMARAN : I propose to go to Kashmir for the vacation.

RAMANAN : When will you start?

KUMARAN : I will start  by the end of April.

RAMANAN : Who will you be staying there with?

KUMARAN : I shall be staying there with my sister.

RAMANAN : What is your brother-in-law?

KUMARAN : My brother-in-law in an Engineer.

                     Where do you propose to go next summer?

RAMANAN : I propose to go to Ooty next summer

                                TWO MEN AT THE BUS STAND

MAN I  : Are you waiting for the town bus?

MAN II : No, I am waiting for the mofussil bus.

MAN I  : Where do you want to go?

MAN II : I want to go to Chengalpat.

MAN I  : How much is the fare to Chennai?

MAN II : The fare to Mettur is 180 rupees.

MAN I :  When do you expect our bus to start?

MAN II : I expect my bus to start at 8 p.m.

MAN I : Have you reserved your ticket?

MAN II : Yes, I have reserved my ticket.

                           PASSENGER AND CONDUCTOR

PASSENGER : Is this the bus for Eroad?

CONDUCTOR : No, This isn’t the bus for Eroad.

PASSENGER: When will the bus for Eroad leave?

CONDUCTOR: The bus for Eroad will leave at 4P.M

PASSENGER : Can I get a seat in that bus?

CONDUCTOR : I very much doubt if you can get a seat in that bus.

PASSENGER: When is the next bus then?

CONDUCTOR: The next bus is at 9 P.M

                                    RAVI AND KARIM

RAVI: What were you looking at there?

KARIM: I was looking at the large crowed there.

RAVI: What happened?

KARIM: A boy has lost his purse.

RAVI: How has he lost his purse?

KARIM: Someone has picked his pocket.

RAVI: Has the pick-pocket been caught?

KARIM: No, the pick-pocket has not been caught.

RAVI: How many Rupees would he have lost?

KARIM: He would have lost about 3000 Rupees.

                              FATHER AND SON

FATHER: Have you paid your examination fees?

SON: No, I haven’t paid my examination fees yet.

FATHER: Why have you not paid your examination fees?

SON: Because you were away.

FATHER: Which is the last date for payment of fees?

SON: The last date for payment of fees is 31^st of this month.

FATHER: Can you pay the fees tomorrow?

SON: Yes, we can pay the fees tomorrow.

FATHER: How much is the examination fees?

SON: The examination fees is Rs. 60000.

Frame Quetions

   1.    My father returns from work in the evening.

  When does your father return from work?

   2.    He is writing a letter to his brother.

  To whom is he writing a letter?

   3.    Yes, the children  are sleeping.

  Are the children sleeping?

   4.    We met at the cinema two days ago.

  Where did you meet two days ago?

  How many days ago you meet at cinema?

   5.    No, I have never seen a lion.

  Have you ever seen a lion?

   6.    I shall see you in a days or two.

  When will you see me?

   7.    We are going to eat bananas.

  What are you going to eat?

   8.    He will have returned  from  school at 4 O’Clock.

  When he will have returned from school?

   9.    Yes, I can speak English well.

  Can you speak English well?

  10.  My mother is working in the kitchen.

  What is mother doing in the kitchen?

  Where is mother working?

  11.  He should work hard to earn his food

  Why should he work hard?

  12.  No, We are not able to play tennis.

  Are you able to play tennis?

  13.  This bicycle is yours, not mine.

   Whose bicycle is this?

  14.  There are forty girls in this class.

   How many girls are there in this class?

  15.  Some people go to Ooty in summer.

  Where do some people go in summer?

  16.  No, he didn’t have to leave the country.

  Did he have to leave the country?

  17.  He always walks very slowly.

  How does he always walk?

  18.  This umbrella costs seventy five rupees.

   How much does this umbrella?

  19.  They go to church five times a month.

   How often do they go to church?

   20.  Our school is two kilometers away from here.

   How far is your school from here?

Simple, Complex and Compound sentences

S.no	SIMPLE SENTENCE	COMPLEX SENTENCE	COMPOUND SENTENCE
1.	{On + ing, owing to,  on account of,  because of  } + ing (Nown)	As, Because, Since	And, So,  there for
2.	On + ing (noun)	When, while	And/the time of it
3.	Having + P.P (Noun)	After	And, then
4.	Before + ing (Noun)	Before	And before that
5.	In spite of + ing	Though, although	But, yet
6.	In case of +ing,  in the event of + ing, in the event of – not + ing	If Unless	(must)/and(then only) (must)/or(else)
7.	Immediately on + ing Soon after + ing	As soon as No sooner – then	And at once And immediately
8.	Of	Where	And/the place of it there
9.	Ing	Who Which	and
10.	To+verb+of	That	And
11.	The reason for + ing	Why	And/the reason for it
12.	The manner of + ing	How	And/the manner of it(some how)/and
13.	The nature of + ing	What	And/ the nature of it(something)/and
14.	The truth of + ing	Whether/if	Or not / and / the truth of it
15.	To	So that In order that	Must-and therefore
16.	Like	As if As though	But
17.	The +(super)	Than	But no other – equally
18.	One of the(super)	As – as	And/very few – also equally
19.	Till/Until the + ing	Till Until	And/until then
20.	Too – to	So- that – not	And so And there fore
21.	Besides		Not only-but also
22.	Quite – to + verb	Such – that	A great – and so
23.	Enough to + verb	So – that	Very – and so

Tenses

                                                                              Tenses

SIMPLE TENSE
	PRESENT TENSE	PAST TENSE	FUTURE TENSE
I	eat	ate	shall eat
WE	eat	ate	shall eat
YOU	eat	ate	will eat
HE	eats	ate	will eat
SHE	eats	ate	will eat
IT	eats	ate	will eat
THEY	eat	ate	will eat

CONTINUOUS TENSE
	PRESENT TENSE	PAST TENSE	FUTURE TENSE
I	am eating	was eating	shall be eating
WE	are eating	were eating	shall be eating
YOU	are eating	are eating	will be eating
HE	is eating	was eating	will be eating
SHE	Is eating	was eating	will be eating
IT	Is eating	was eating	will be eating
THEY	are eating	were eating	will be eating

PERFECT TENSE
	PRESENT TENSE	PAST TENSE	FUTURE TENSE
I	have eaten	had eaten	Shall have eaten
WE	have eaten	had eaten	Shall have eaten
YOU	has eaten	had eaten	will have eaten
HE	has eaten	had eaten	will have eaten
SHE	has eaten	had eaten	will have eaten
IT	has eaten	had eaten	will have eaten
THEY	have eaten	had eaten	will have eaten

PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
	PRESENT TENSE	PAST TENSE	FUTURE TENSE
I	have been eating	had been eating	shall have been eating
WE	have been eating	had been eating	shall have been eating
YOU	has been eating	had been eating	will have been eating
HE	has been eating	had been eating	will have been eating
SHE	has been eating	had been eating	will have been eating
IT	has been eating	had been eating	will have been eating
THEY	have been eating	had been eating	will have been eating